Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between circulating long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) OTTHUMT00000387022 (named Coromarker) expression and disease severity, inflammatory cytokine levels, and plaque vulnerability in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A total of 134 participants who received coronary angiography were enrolled and classified them as CAD patients (N=89) and controls (N=45). Blood samples were obtained from all subjects. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate Coromarker expression. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent test was used to measure inflammatory cytokines including high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin (IL)-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), and markers of coronary plaque stability including matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L). The severity of coronary stenosis was determined from the Gensini Score. LncRNA Coromarker expression was elevated to a greater extent in CAD patients than in control subjects before and after adjustments for age/gender (both p < 0.001); it was an independent predictor of CAD risk (area under curve: 0.824, 95% CI: 0.732-0.915). Additionally, Coromarker expression was significantly associated with Gensini Score (r=0.574, p < 0.001), hsCRP (r=0.221, p=0.015), IL-1β (r=0.351, p < 0.001), IL-6 (r=0.286, p < 0.01), and NLRP3 levels (r=0.312, p < 0.001). Coromarker expression was found to be linked with MMP-9 (r=0.260, p < 0.01) and sCD40L (r=0.441, p < 0.001). Circulating lncRNA Coromarker expression correlates with increased disease severity and inflammation as well as plaque vulnerability in patients with CAD.
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