Circulating immune complexes in chronic myeloid leukemia: Turbidimetric measurement and two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis

Abstract

A 3.75% polyethylene glycol -6000 mediated turbidimetric method was used for the estimation of levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in sera of normal human subjects and patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In terms of equivalents of heat-aggregated gamma globulin (eq.HAGG mg/ml serum), the mean levels of CIC were: 5.69 mg/ml (SD 4.78) in 81 normal human subjects; 22.63 mg/ml (SD 9.86) in 52 untreated CML patients; 7.61 mg/ml (SD 5.74) in 54 CML patients in remission; and 21.70 mg/ml (SD 8.15) in 18 CML patients in relapse. High CIC levels, thus, showed a significant association with the pretreatment — and relapse — status of the disease ( p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Though the levels decreased during remission, they were still significantly above the mean level in the controls ( p<0.05). The CIC level-disease status relationship was clearly evident in the serial studies on 19 CML patients who donated serum samples prior to treatment as well as during remission. Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of the CIC samples revealed the presence of a polypeptide (mol. wt approx. 37,000 and pI approx. 5.8) in 10 out of 18 CIC samples from the untreated CML patients. Such a moiety was not detected in six CIC samples from normal subjects. The association of this polypeptide with CML gains support from the observation that in 5 CML patients, this moiety was present in the CIC samples obtained prior to treatment but absent in the samples subsequently obtained during remission.