Abstract
Objective: Our aim is to detect the amount of miRNA and free DNA in the peripheral blood of young people with congenital hearing loss and compare this with control group.
 Materials and Methods: In our study, 16 patients who have congenital hearing loss and go to the private school for deaf children and 16 healthy individuals were selected in the same age group. 5 cc blood was taken from peripheral vessels of each individual. We compared the circulating cell-free DNA and miRNA amount with the results of the control group.
 Results: The ccfDNA amount of the patients with hearing loss was lower than the control group and It was statistically significant. On the contrary, we found the higher amount of ccfmiRNA in plasma samples of the patients with hearing loss. The statistical analysis showed that ccfmiRNA amount in congenital loss is consistently significantly higher than the control group.
 Conclusion: The miRNA and freeDNA can be used early in the diagnosis of congenital hearing loss.
Highlights
Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common disease of the sensory system
The GJB2 gene encodes connexin 26 (Cx26), a transmembrane protein that functions in the inner ear to regenerate potassium through the formation of gap junctions [5]
Trauma [16] and therapeutic procedures [17] can lead to the release of free DNA into the circulation the source of CcfDNA is not clear, there are various mechanisms that contribute to the amount of DNA in circulation
Summary
Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common disease of the sensory system. Mutation in the GJB2 (gap junction beta-2 protein) gene is the most common cause of genetic deafness [4]. The GJB2 gene encodes connexin 26 (Cx26), a transmembrane protein that functions in the inner ear to regenerate potassium through the formation of gap junctions [5]. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenously uncoded RNA molecules [19] It acts as a negative regulator in gene expression. These molecules are critical post-transcription regulators of gene expression For this reason, it is not surprising that miRNAs have been tightly regulated in a manner that allows them to be appropriately shaped in a temporarily restricted and tissue-specific manner for structured organism development and growth [20]. Studies have shown that miRNA plays an important role in cellular functions, such as proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and cellular changes [21,22]
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