Abstract
Introduction: Circulating apoptotic endothelial cell-derived micro particles (EMPs) are a marker of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular (CV) risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. There is evidence regarding association between apoptotic EMP number and CV disease in obese individuals. The aim of the study to investigate whether increased number of circulating apoptotic EMPs may predict transformation of Met-HO into Met-UHO. Methods: The study was retrospectively evolved 89 patients with established abdominal obesity (47 patients with Met-UHO determined as MetS and 42 subjects with Met-HO) from the large cohort of abdominal obesity patients (n=268). Thirty five healthy volunteers matched for age and sex were involved in the study as a control cohort. Obesity-related biomarker (adiponectin, leptin, vistafin) and EMPs were measured at baseline. Flow cytometry was used to determine EMPs with immune phenotype CD31+/annexin V+ and CD144+/annexin V+. Results: There was not found a significant difference between numbers of EMPs labeled CD31+/ Annexin V+ in Met-UHO and Met-HO patients, while Met-UHO patients had a significantly increased level of circulating CD144+/ Annexin V+ compared with Met-HO individuals. Multivariate logistic regression analysis has revealed the HOMA-IR, number of CV risk factors, serum leptin and hs-CRP independently predicted numbers of circulating CD31+/ Annexin V+ and CD144+/ Annexin V+ EMPs in Met-UHO. In Met-HO patients HOMA-IR remained an independent predictor of increased numbers of circulating CD31+/ Annexin V+ and CD144+/ Annexin V+ EMPs. Conclusion: in the investigation we found that the increased number of CD31+/Annexin V+ and CD144+/ Annexin V+ EMPs added to the based predictive model (HOMA-IR) may predict transformation of Met-HO into Met-UHO.
Highlights
Circulating apoptotic endothelial cell-derived micro particles (EMPs) are a marker of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular (CV) risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
In metabolically healthy obesity (Met-HO) patients homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-insulin resistance (IR)) remained an independent predictor of increased numbers of circulating CD31+/ Annexin V+ and CD144+/ Annexin V+ EMPs
Conclusion: in the investigation we found that the increased number of CD31+/Annexin V+ and CD144+/ Annexin V+ EMPs added to the based predictive model (HOMA-IR) may predict transformation of Met-HO into metabolically unhealthy obesity (Met-UHO)
Summary
Circulating apoptotic endothelial cell-derived micro particles (EMPs) are a marker of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular (CV) risk in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Because progressive increases in yearly pre-diabetes / T2DM prevalence has observed for all classes of BMI irrespective age and sex (Sterling et al, 2016), there is reason to expect that abdominal obesity mediates CV risk and risk of T2DM through underlying co-morbidities independently BMI (Grundy et al, 2005; Grundy et al, 2004). In this context, obese individuals with similar BMI may be protected or opposite predisposed to obesity-related complications (i.e. T2DM, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidaemia, hypertension) and CV disease (Cuthbertson et al, 2017). It is suggesting that Met-HO is a transient state in the pathway to cardiometabolic disease, i.e. Met-UHO and T2DM (Mongraw-Chaffin et al, 2016)
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