Abstract
Circulating ApolipoproteinL1 (ApoL1) is a component of pre-β-high-density lipoprotein (HDL), however little is known about the relationship of ApoL1 with cardiometabolic factors. Considering previous studies reporting the correlation of ApoL1 to triglyceride, we have hypothesized that ApoL1 associates with insulin-related metabolism. The current study examined their associations in 126 non-diabetic subjects and 36 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Non-diabetic subjects demonstrated triglyceride (standardized coefficients [s.c.] = 0.204, p < 0.05), body mass index (s.c. =0.232, p < 0.05) and HDL cholesterol (s.c. = −0.203, p < 0.05) as independent determinant of ApoL1 levels, and the significant elevation of ApoL1 in metabolic syndrome. Lipoprotein fractionation analysis revealed the predominant distribution of ApoL1 in large HDL fraction, and the significant increase of ApoL1 in large LDL fraction in high ApoL1 samples with insulin resistance. In T2DM, ApoL1 was higher in T2DM with metabolic syndrome, however ApoL1 was lower with β cell dysfunction. Insulin significantly promotes ApoL1 synthesis and secretion in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, circulating ApoL1 may be associated with abnormal HDL metabolism in insulin resistant status. This may suggest a regulation of insulin signal on the ApoL1 level, leading to offer a novel insight to the ApoL1 biology.
Highlights
Circulating ApolipoproteinL1 (ApoL1) is a component of pre-β-high-density lipoprotein (HDL), little is known about the relationship of ApoL1 with cardiometabolic factors
Univariable linear regression analysis revealed the significant correlation of log ApoL1 with sex, log waist circumference (WC) (s.c. = 0.412, p < 0.001), log body mass index (BMI) (s.c. = 0.430, p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure (BP) (s.c. = 0.233, p < 0.01), diastolic BP (s.c. = 0.268, p < 0.01), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-C (s.c. = 0.236, p < 0.01), log HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) (s.c. = −0.421, p < 0.001), log TG (s.c. = 0.416, p < 0.001), log γ-glutamyltransferase (s.c. = 0.342, p < 0.001), uric acid (s.c. = 0.343, p < 0.001), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (s.c. = 0.299, p < 0.001), log insulin (s.c. = 0.205, p < 0.05), and log adiponectin (s.c. = −0.362, p < 0.001) (Supplementary Table S1)
High BMI, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-C were identified as independent characteristics that determined serum ApoL1 levels and are typical features associated with metabolic syndrome (Mets)
Summary
Circulating ApolipoproteinL1 (ApoL1) is a component of pre-β-high-density lipoprotein (HDL), little is known about the relationship of ApoL1 with cardiometabolic factors. 0.396 0.127 −0.265 standard standarized deviation error coefficients p value analysis demonstrated the positive correlation of the in vitro antioxidative capacity and ApoL1 peptide count on purified HDL determined by mass spectrometry[8]. These data suggest that ApoL1 may be associated with lipid and glucose metabolisms or may exert an antioxidative effect as a distinct HDL subspecies in certain dyslipidemic subjects. We postulate that serum ApoL1 levels may elevate and exert certain biological activity in subjects with insulin resistance that frequently presents dyslipidemia marked by hypertriglyceridemia; the association between ApoL1 and insulin resistance has not been reported. The present study aimed to examine this association in the nondiabetic volunteers and patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) characterized by insulin resistance
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