Circular-Pattern Photonic Crystal Fiber for Different Liquids with High Effective Area and Sensitivity

Abstract

A solid core photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is preferred to signify the work of circular-pattern PCF for chemical identifying motive. Finite element method is used to obtain several properties of PCF. Various computations are applied to numerically explore the use of PCF for sensing justifications at different wavelengths ranging between 1.4 and 1.65 μm. The solid core is filled with liquid glycerol (n = 1.4722), ethanol (n = 1.354), and toluene (n = 1.4968), and on applying various geometric parameters of the fiber, 65.16%, 61.65%, and 64.05% of sensitivity are observed respectively. Transmission of heavy data with high speed depends on effective mode area. For glycerol and toluene, the effective area is observed as 2.81 μm2 and 3.07 μm2 respectively. Perfectly matched layer is applied in outer most cladding to overcome reflection. Higher sensitivity is observed by this design operating at different wavelengths. Similarly, properties like confinement loss and effective area are also computed. Design containing core material such as glycerol, ethanol, and toluene has been compared by different properties. The core materials employed in this paper are used to analyze the potential of sensors. This PCF can be used in diverse application of bio sensing or sensing related areas.