Abstract
This paper presents a detailed study on a family of circularly polarized (CP) antennas inspired by the dual-mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavities. The related design methodology has been proposed and summarized for the first time. The field distribution for dual-mode SIW cavities (using TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">102</sub> , TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">201</sub> and TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">103</sub> modes) are first analyzed. Based on the current flow of the orthogonal modes, slot cuts are incorporated on the top surface considering both the phase and current magnitude, which leads to optimal boresight CP radiation. All the feasible slot combining configurations which are able to generate CP radiation for the dual-mode cavities are summarized and characterized. For experimental verification, four low-profile, low-cost and high- efficiency CP antennas using the dual-mode cavities are proposed, analyzed and implemented, including two CP antennas based on the degenerate TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">102</sub> /TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">201</sub> half-mode-like resonators, and a CP antenna as well as its 2-element array using the degenerate TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">103</sub> / TE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">201</sub> dual-mode cavity. The measured and simulated results are in excellent agreement. Useful design guidelines are provided. These antennas show a measured bandwidth varying from 2.0 % to 4.1 % and a peak gain ranging from 7.0 dBic to 9.4 dBic, respectively. They demonstrate good CP performance and high radiation efficiency which is better than 88 % in simulation. They offer attractive features including interesting working principle, easy implementation, low-cost, and non-sensitivity to tolerance, appearing as good candidates for high-frequency directive antenna application.
Highlights
Polarized (CP) antennas are able to mitigate the polarization mismatch introduced by multi-path effects, allowing the data transmission independent of the orientation of the transmitter and receiver
Inspired by dual-mode substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) cavities which are usually used for filter designs, a comprehensive study on the cavity-backed slot antennas with Circularly polarized (CP) radiation is conducted in this paper
Note that the working theory for CP antenna based on dual-mode SIW cavities are proposed and summarized for the first time
Summary
Polarized (CP) antennas are able to mitigate the polarization mismatch introduced by multi-path effects, allowing the data transmission independent of the orientation of the transmitter and receiver. SIMILARILY BETWEEN CP ANTENNAS AND DUAL-MODE FILTERS Fig. 1 shows a patch resonator with truncated corners. The two orthogonal modes, as indicated by the field distributions shown, would be electrically coupled with each other, resulting in constant field rotation which could be observed from both the CP antenna and the dual-mode filter.
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