Circular value stream mapping 4.0: Proposed general model and application to a digital 3D printing recycling factory

Abstract

This work aims to show how Industry 4.0 (I4.0) can be combined with Lean Management (LM) to achieve the goals of the Circular Economy (CE). For this, a sustainable production and consumption model is designed to integrate Value Stream Mapping (VSM) methodology and I4.0 technologies for CE purposes. We conduct a scoping review followed by Focus Groups Interviews (FGI's) with academic experts to develop this general model, which is then adapted for use in a Digital Factory by FGI's with technological experts and industrial practitioners to evaluate this application. Constructivist theory is used to name our model “Circular Value Stream Mapping (CVSM) 4.0”. This model extends traditional VSM and explores the use of I4.0 technologies in CE contexts. Also, providing a roadmap that helps managers to use VSM-I4.0 to promote circularity continuously and incrementally.