Abstract
In this paper, a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna featuring circular polarization diversity, and designed on a common coplanar ground is presented. The proposed antenna design utilizes a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding technique with three parallel coplanar ground planes, and two feedlines in-between. For circular polarization (CP), quasi-loops are created by etching slots on the outermost ground planes. With this configuration, circular polarization diversity is induced in the MIMO antenna with the left-hand CP (LHCP) from one antenna and the right-hand CP (RHCP) from the other. The total footprint of the antenna radiator is only 0.78λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> × 0.55λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> = 0.42λ <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">o</sub> <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> . Experimental results show perfectly overlapping impedance and axial ratio bandwidths of 39.3% (4.5 GHz to 6.7 GHz). In addition, average in-band isolation |S <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">21</sub> | ≤ -15 dB without any added complexity or active circuit elements. The peak realized gain of the antenna is 5.8 dBic with broadside radiation pattern in the +zdirection and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of 0.005. The antenna is suitable for multiple applications in the C-band that includes WLAN (5 GHz, 5.2 GHz and 5.8 GHz) and WiMAX (5.5 GHz).
Highlights
Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology significantly improve the capacity of wireless communication systems [1]–[3]
envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) is an important parameter that characterizes the performance of the MIMO antenna in terms of correlation between the two antennas
This adds to the lower value off ECC, because along with polarization diversity, pattern diversity is induced
Summary
Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) technology significantly improve the capacity of wireless communication systems [1]–[3]. The major contribution of the work include: (i) development of a new circularly polarized MIMO antenna in a parallel configuration, excited by a coplanar waveguide feed with a common coplanar ground plane; (ii) adaptation of circular polarization diversity for reducing the far field correlation between the two closely spaced antennas; (iii) demonstration (both numerical and experimental) of successful circular polarization diversity in the MIMO antenna without any added circuit element for altering the sense of polarization; (iv) achieving high performance with topologically simple, small size and low-cost structure without involving any additional isolation technique. A second microstrip line extension is added to the right of the ground plane (CG2) with the coplanar gap g, and the plane of the CG1 is altered and CG3 is formed Note that at this stage, the dimensions of all the geometrical parameters are the same as that of the single element. Diversity gain are attributed to the polarization diversity of the proposed antenna
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