Abstract
Abstract The current linear “take-make-waste” extractive models that have powered the tremendous growth of the last centuries, lead to the depletion of natural resources and environmental degradation. Circular Economy (CE) aims to address these impacts by building supply chains that are restorative, regenerative, and environmentally benign, through re-utilizing products and materials, using renewable energy sources, and closing any open loops. Process Systems Engineering (PSE) could play a critical role in this transition, providing the necessary analytical tools for a quantitative evaluation, and exploring alternative pathways for social and economic advancement. As such, we present here a novel framework for the modeling and optimization of CE food supply chains, along with a representative case study for the supply chain of coffee. First, the alternative pathways for the production of the desired product and the utilization of wastes are identified. Then, a Resource-Task-Network (RTN) representation that captures all these pathways is constructed. Since this analysis must be conducted holistically, a mixed-integer linear programming model that captures the entire supply chain, its objectives, and constraints is formulated, and it is solved to multi-objective optimality.
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