Circ_0057553/miR-515-5p Regulates Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration, Invasion and Aerobic Glycolysis by Targeting YES1.

Abstract

BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant cancer in males worldwide. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs) are novel type of non-coding RNAs. Recently, circRNAs have been reported participating in various cancers, including prostate cancer. However, the function and mechanism of circ_0057553 remain to be elucidated.Methods and MaterialsThe RNA expression levels of circ_0057553, miR-515-5p, YES proto-oncogene 1 (YES1) and glycolytic genes mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR in PCa tissues or cells. Western blotting was performed to analyze YES1 protein level. Cell viability, migration and invasion and cell apoptosis were assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry. In addition, the effects of cell glycolysis were evaluated by measuring lactate production, glucose consumption and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level. Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to detect the target sites of circ_0057553 and miR-515-5p, miR-515-5p and YES1. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) was conducted to evaluate the target relationship between circ_0057553 and miR-515-5p. Xenograft mouse model was conducted to measure tumor formation in vivo.ResultsCirc_0057553 was significantly up-regulated in PCa tissues and cells. Knockdown of circ_0057553 inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion and glycolysis and facilitated apoptosis in PCa cells. Furthermore, circ_0057553 bound to miR-515-5p and miR-515-5p directly targeted YES1. Interestingly, miR-515-5p inhibitor partially rescued the function of circ_0057553 knockdown, while YES1 restored the effects of miR-515-5p overexpression. Circ_0057553 down-regulation remarkably decreased tumor volume and weight in vivo.ConclusionCirc_0057553 affected PCa cell viability, migration, invasion, apoptosis and glycolysis through miR-515-5p/YES1 axis.