Abstract

Nutrient acquisition is entangled with growth and stress in sessile organisms. The bHLH transcription factor FIT is a key regulator of Arabidopsis iron (Fe) acquisition and post-translationally activated upon low Fe. We identified CBL-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE CIPK11 as a FIT interactor. Cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and CIPK11 expression are induced by Fe deficiency. cipk11 mutant plants display compromised root Fe mobilization and seed Fe content. Fe uptake is dependent on CBL1/CBL9. CIPK11 phosphorylates FIT at Ser272, and mutation of this target site modulates FIT nuclear accumulation, homo-dimerization, interaction with bHLH039, and transcriptional activity and affects the plant's Fe-uptake ability. We propose that Ca2+-triggered CBL1/9-mediated activation of CIPK11 and subsequent phosphorylation of FIT shifts inactive into active FIT, allowing regulatory protein interactions in the nucleus. This biochemical link between Fe deficiencyand the cellular Ca2+ decoding machinery represents an environment-sensing mechanism to adjust nutrient uptake.

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