Abstract
Data on the impact of smoking on mortality indicate that 35% of smoking-related deaths are due to cardiovascular causes. Current cigarette smoking is associated with a threefold to sixfold increase in risk of myocardial infarction and increased rates of ischemic stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Tobacco smoking has the greatest deleterious effect on peripheral arteries, with multiple effects ranging from increased peripheral arterial disease and associated intermittent claudication, limb ischemia, and graft failure to a threefold or more increase in abdominal aortic aneurysm formation. The recent recognition of secondhand smoke as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease has led to governmental action to develop smoke-free public environments. Small communities with public smoking bans have already seen reductions in cardiovascular mortality.
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