Abstract
Chronic venous hypertension (CVH) triggers a whole cascade of pathological reactions, the ultimate result of which is gross changes in the trophism of soft tissues of the lower extremities. The main hemodynamic factor leading to hypertension in the superficial venous system and, subsequently, to trophic changes in the lower limb, is blood reflux from deep veins, and it is associated with valve insufficiency at the mouth of the great and small saphenous veins (vertical reflux), as well as incompetency of perforators (horizontal reflux). Moreover, 90% of the latter are localized in the calf region, of which 87% belong to the veins ofthe Cockett I-III zone.
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