Abstract
Chronic interstitial nephritis is a progressive kidney disease with a wide variety of causes characterized by the presence of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, inflammation, and tubular atrophy. Most patients with advanced chronic kidney disease will have at least some degree of chronic interstitial nephritis present on a renal biopsy. However, there is a subset of renal diseases that specifically target the interstitium, leading to a progressive decline in kidney function. This review discusses the pathology and pathophysiology of chronic interstitial nephritis. In addition, common causes are reviewed, with a particular emphasis on recently described variants, including genetic causes of interstitial nephritis, Mesoamerican nephropathy, Balkan endemic nephropathy, and IgG4-related kidney disease. Key words: Chronic Kidney Disease, Inflammation, Fibrosis,
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