Abstract
Chronic feeding with protein-restricted diets affect ileal amino acid digestibility and the expression of nutrient-sensing, hormone secretion, gastrointestinal digestive enzyme, and nutrient transporter genes in young weaned pigs
Highlights
Young mammals have often been reported to exhibit gastrointestinal tract (GIT) dysfunction, including alterations intestinal morphology, the immune system, and absorption functions, when fed a high-protein diet [1,2,3,4,5]
It has been suggested that the crude protein (CP) levels in their diets can be reduced by 2–3 points without affecting average daily gain (ADG) [4, 6], feed efficiency, or gastrointestinal health when the diets are supplemented with amino acid (AA) [7, 8]
Reductions exceeding 3 points have produced no effects on ADG, feed efficiency and the mRNA levels of digestive enzymes and AA transporters [2, 4, 9,10,11,12,13], these trends have not been observed in all studies [14,15,16]
Summary
Young mammals (including infant and weaned pigs) have often been reported to exhibit gastrointestinal tract (GIT) dysfunction, including alterations intestinal morphology, the immune system, and absorption functions, when fed a high-protein diet [1,2,3,4,5]. Reductions exceeding 3 points have produced no effects on ADG, feed efficiency and the mRNA levels of digestive enzymes (including trypsinogen, chymotrypsin B, and dipeptidaseII and III) and AA transporters [2, 4, 9,10,11,12,13], these trends have not been observed in all studies [14,15,16] These findings suggest that the reduction of dietary CP levels and supplementation with AAs may be an alternative method for decreasing N excretion and improving GIT digestive function while maintaining performance in young pigs. The present work was principally focused on the impact of dietary CP levels on the regulation of the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients (for example, AAs, glucose, and lipids) in the GIT, along with feed intake
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