Abstract
BackgroundThe industrial revolution has resulted in increased synthesis and the introduction of a variety of compounds into the environment and their potentially hazardous effects have been observed in the biota. The present study was aimed to evaluate the potential endocrine-disrupting effects of chronic exposure to the low concentrations of bisphenol S (BPS) in male rats.MethodsWeaning male Sprague-Dawley rats (22 days old) were either exposed to water containing 0.1% ethanol for control or different concentrations of BPS (0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L) in drinking water for 48 weeks in the chronic exposure study. After completion of the experimental period, animals were dissected and different parameters (hormone concentrations, histology of testis and epididymis, oxidative stress and level of antioxidant enzymes in the testis, daily sperm production (DSP), and sperm parameters) were determined.ResultsResults of the present study showed a significant alteration in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and relative reproductive organ weights. Oxidative stress in the testis was significantly elevated while sperm motility, daily sperm production, and the number of sperm in epididymis were reduced. Plasma testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations were reduced and estradiol levels were high in the 50 μg/L-exposed group. Histological observations involved a significant reduction in the epithelial height of the testis along with disrupted spermatogenesis, an empty lumen of the seminiferous tubules, and the caput region of the epididymis.ConclusionThese results suggest that exposure to 5 and 50 μg/L of BPS for the chronic duration started from an early age can induce structural changes in testicular tissue architecture and endocrine alterations in the male reproductive system which may lead to infertility in males.
Highlights
The industrial revolution has resulted in increased synthesis and the introduction of a variety of compounds into the environment and their potentially hazardous effects have been observed in the biota
The increasing population has brought an increased demand and synthesis of various applications for use in day to day life. This demand for application has led the world to the fourth industrial revolution in developed countries. This industrial revolution has resulted in increased synthesis and introduction of a variety of compounds into the environment and their potentially hazardous effects have been observed in the biota [1]
The present study aimed to investigate the possible endocrine-disrupting effects of exposure to low concentrations of bisphenol S (BPS) for a long duration on the male reproductive system using sprague-dawley rats as an animal model
Summary
The industrial revolution has resulted in increased synthesis and the introduction of a variety of compounds into the environment and their potentially hazardous effects have been observed in the biota. This demand for application has led the world to the fourth industrial revolution in developed countries This industrial revolution has resulted in increased synthesis and introduction of a variety of compounds into the environment and their potentially hazardous effects have been observed in the biota [1]. Exposure to BPA for the period of perinatal development of mice has been shown to harm testicular functions at adolescence and maturity [4, 5] Due to these side effects, there is a ban on its use in many applications throughout Europe and America [6,7,8,9,10,11,12] and is replaced by other bisphenols. Concentrations relevant to a human exposure level of BPS (2 μg/kg) resulted in an alteration in maternal behavior of the rats exposed during pregnancy [23] suggesting that exposure to BPS at very low levels can alter brain functions and behavior
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
