Chronic Energy Malnutrition and Anemia in Pregnant Women in Medan

Abstract

CHRONIC ENERGY MALNUTRITION AND ANEMIA OF PREGNANT WOMEN IN MEDAN Zulhaida Lubis, Jumirah, Maya Fitria Faculty of Public Health University of Sumatera Utara email: idaulinas@gmail.com Abstract Background . Chronic energy malnutrition (CEM) and anemia in pregnant women reflects the value of socio-economic welfare of society, and has influence on the quality of human resources. Anaemia in pregnant women potentially endanger the mother and child and to this day it happened is still high in Indonesia, so CEM and anemia require serious attention. Objective. This study aims to determine the prevalence of CEM and anemia in pregnant women and analyze influence CEM and characteristics of pregnant women on anemia in pregnant women in Medan. Method. This study included a survey explanatory research with cross sectional design, conducted in four health community centers in Medan Belawan, Pekan Labuhan, Medan Deli and Terjunl on 114 pregnant women. CEM was determined by measuring the Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC). hemoglobin concentration was measured by a Hemoglobin Testing System: Quik-Check, and the characteristic of pregnant women (age, gestational age, spacing pregnancies, parity, and family income) obtained by questionnaire interviews. Results. The results showed that the prevalence of CEM of pregnant women was 23.7 % and anemia was 44.7 %. Characteristics of pregnant women include maternal age, gestational age and family income did not significantly affect the CEM as well as anemia. Parity and pregnancy spacing significant effect on anemia but is not a risk factor. While CEM significant effect on the incidence of anemia and is a risk factor with OR of 4.082 and 95% CI 1.604 to 10.387. This shows that pregnant women who are CEM at risk of anemia four times greater compared with pregnant women who are not CEM. Conclusion . CEM is a risk factor for anemia in pregnant women. Distance pregnancy and parity also significantly influence anemia but is not a risk factor for anemia in pregnant women in Medan. Thus in the fight against anemia in pregnant mothers in Medan need to pay attention to nutrition intake so that mothers begin pregnancy at a good nutritional condition. Keywords: chronic energy malnutrition (CEM), anemia, pregnant women,