Chronic apical periodontitis as risk factor atherosclerosis and artery disease

Abstract

Periodontitis is caused by bacteria that are present in periodontal tissues also under physiological condition. Neglected hygiene may increase the number of microorganisms and the formation of chronic apical periodontitis (CAP). The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in inflammatory expression (hsCRP and LpPLA2 in adult patients one year after the end of endodontic treatment, thereby the risk analysis of cardiovascular disease. Material and methods: Twenty-six patients who had history of inflammation outside the oral cavity were diagnosed with CAP before the treatment and one year after the end of endodontic treatment. The studied men and women were divided into two age groups: 50 above years (N = 13) and below 50 years (N = 13). In addition, the study groups were separated in relation to apoAI concentration, taking a cut-off of 150mg/dl. The therapeutic effect was achieved in 26 patients after endodontic treatment. The concentration of bio- chemical parameters – hsCRP and LpPLA2 as well as apoAI was evaluated using the commercially available methods. Statistical analysis was performed using the pair test for dependent samples. Results: In patients below 50 years of age and 1 year after the end of treatment a significant reduction in hsCRP and LpPLA2 level was observed. Similarly, a statistically significant decrese in LpPLA2 concentration was observed in patients with apoAI>150 mg/dl. Conclusions: In patients < 50years of age, after 1 year CAP treatment, the CAP inflammatory foci CAP were reduced and the inflammatory markers were normalized. Also in patients with a high apoAI level, reduced and the after treat suggested that elevated level of apoAI and LpPLA2 in HDL particles might reduce the inflammatory lesion size in CAP and might systemic complications. CAP, particularly in patients over 50 years of age and at an apoAI<150mg/dl and higher level of LpPLA2, is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and destabiliza- tion of atherosclerotic plaque. Endodontic treatment should be induced in medication of atherosclerosis and its complications both in primary and secondary prevention.