Abstract

Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection (CAEBV) is characterized by chronic or recurrent infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms, such as fever, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, liver dysfunction, lym-phadenopathy, hypersensitivity to mosquito bites, skin rash.Patients with CAEBV have high viral loads in their periphe-ral blood and/or an unusual pattern of EBV-related antibodies.This disease is rare but severe with high mortality, the pathogenesis is unknown though there is accumulating evidence that the clonal expansion of EBV-infected T or natural killer (NK) cells plays a central role in the pathogenesis of CAEBV.Because antiviral therapy is generally ineffective for this disease, numerous agents have been tried for the treatment of CAEBV, e.g.immunosuppressive agents, immunomodulatory therapy, immune cell therapy.Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants have been reported to be successful, but there still has some risks. Key words: Epstein-Barr virus; Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection; Child

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