Chronic Δ 9-tetrahydrocannabinol treatment produces antinociceptive tolerance in mice without altering Protein Kinase A activity in mouse brain and spinal cord

Abstract

The present study investigated the effect of different levels of Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9-THC) antinociceptive tolerance on Protein Kinase A (PKA) activity in mouse brain and spinal cord. To strengthen this investigation, a positive control was developed to demonstrate the assay utilized in this study was sensitive enough to detect an increase in PKA activity in the anatomical regions utilized in this study. The membrane-permeant and phosphodiesterase-resistant cAMP analog 8-Bromoadenosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphorothioate, Sp-isomer (Sp-8-Br-cAMPS) was utilized for the development of this positive control and this compound produced an increase in PKA activity in several mouse brain regions (i.c.v.) and lumbar spinal cord (i.t.) following its administration. Models were then developed in which mice expressed either a 13-fold or 49-fold level of Δ 9-THC antinociceptive tolerance following chronic treatment with 10 mg/kg Δ 9-THC or 80 mg/kg Δ 9-THC for 6.5 days. Basal and total cytosolic and particulate PKA activities were measured directly in homogenates from the striatum, hippocampus, cerebellum, cortex and lumbar spinal cord. Results from this study indicate that chronic exposure to Δ 9-THC does not produce an increase in PKA activity in these mouse brain regions or spinal cord. Future work is needed to determine the role of PKA in cannabinoid tolerance in mice.