Chromosome studies on mosses from Austria, Czechoslovakia and other parts of Central Europe

Abstract

Reports are made on chromosomes in forty-six species from sixteen families of mosses. The plants were collected from all Austrian provinces, except the Tyrol and Vorarlberg, from Bohemia, Moravia, Slovakia, Bavaria, and also from Hungary and Italy. In addition to number or numbers of chromosomes reported for each species, observations are made on chromosome morphology, staining characteristics and behavior in meiosis or mitosis. The lowest numbers yet found are reported forDicranum fuscescens, n=8, andTimmia bavarica, n=8+1 m. For the latter species the study was made from mitotic configurations, and offers evidence that m-chromosomes may be normal members of the gametophytic set. These investigations reveal for the first time m-chromosomes inDicranoweisia cirrata, Pottia lanceolata, Timmia bavarica, Orthotrichum pumilum, Homalothecium lutescens, Brachythecium velutinum, Rhyncostegium murale, Rhyncostegiella pumila, andHypnum cupressiforme. Although the generaBartramia andPlagiopus previously have been characterized by different numbers of chromosomes, n=8 and n=7 respectively, plants ofPlagiopus oederi from Carinthia and Moravia were found, however, to have n=8. One species,Isopterygium seligeri, and one variety,Orthotrichum anomalum var.saxatile, have not been studied previously.