Abstract
Meiotic chromosome numbers are reported for 30 taxa representing 12 genera of Acanthaceae from Mexico and the southwestern United States. Chromosome numbers of 25 of these taxa are reported for the first time. Chromosome numbers obtained in Henrya (n = 18), Hol- ographis (n = 13, 26, 39), Mexacanthus (n = 18), Mirandea (n = 18), and Stenandrium (n = 26) are the first for these genera. A newly reported chromosome number in Justicia is n = 11. Polyploidy and aneuploidy appear to have been frequent events in the family and are especially evident in the large, polymorphic genus Justicia. Generic relationships are discussed with respect to the known chromosome numbers.
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