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Abstract
Original meiotic or both meiotic and mitotic chromosome numbers are reported for ten endemic and one non endemic species in nine vascular plant families from Iran. The chromosome numbers of Acantholimon schahrudicum, A. truncatum, Anthochlamys multinervis, Campanula perpusilla, Cousinia calcitrapa var. interrupta, Dorema ammoniacum, Euphorbia gedrosiaca, and Hyocyamus orthocarpus were determined for the first time. The chromosome counts for Astrodaucus persicus and Hedysarum criniferum agree with previous ones. The gametic chromosome numbers for Hedysarum criniferum and Allium stipitatum are reported here for the first time. The occurrence of accessory chromosomes are also reported for Acantholimon schahrudicum and Dorema ammoniacum, being the first records of B chromosomes in the genera Acantholimon and Dorema.
Highlights
Endemic plants constitute valuable floristic elements in every region
Chromosome studies on endemic species from Iran include fewer than 100 plant species and are usually based on a very limited number of observations (Ghaffari 1988; Ghaffari et al 2005, 2006; Hesamzadeh - Hejazi & Ziaei Nasab 2007; Shariat et al 2013; Hatami et al 2019; Oroji Salmasi et al 2019; Sadeghian et al 2019)
The present study describes the meiotic or both meiotic and mitotic chromosome number of ten endemic and one non endemic species in nine families, aiming to contribute to the cytological knowledge of the endemic flora of Iran
Summary
Endemic plants constitute valuable floristic elements in every region. Many of them are threatened plant species with a limited distribution range and a small number of individuals. Karyotype formula and somatic chromosome counts in all the root tips of our sample (from different parts of previous reports) were 2n = 3m + 5sm = 16 (Fig. 1A). There are six species of the genus Dorema in Iran, among which two are endemic, namely, D. ammoniacum and D. aucheri Boiss. Meiosis in this species was regular and showed 11 bivalents at metaphase I and normal chromatid segregation at anaphase II (Fig. 1E, G).
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