Abstract
Penicillium is an ascomycetous genus widely distributed in the natural environment and is one of the dominant fungi involved in the decomposition of mangroves, which can produce a variety of antitumor compounds and bioactive substances. However, in mangrove ecosystems there is no complete genome in this genus. In this study, we isolated a fungus strain named Penicillium variabile HXQ-H-1 from coast mangrove (Fujian Province, China). We generated a chromosome-level genome with total size of 33.32 Mb, scaffold N50 of 5.23 Mb and contig N50 of 96.74 kb. Additionally, we anchored about 95.91% assembly sequences into the longest seven scaffolds, and predicted 10,622 protein-coding genes, in which 99.66% could be annotated by eight protein databases. The secondary metabolites analysis reveals the strain has various gene clusters involving polyketide synthase (PKS), non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and terpene synthase that may have a largely capacity of biotechnological potential. Comparison genome analysis between Penicillium variabile and Talaromyces islandicus reveals a small difference in the total number of genes, whereas HXQ-H-1 has a higher gene number with COG functional annotation. Evolutionary relationship of Penicillum based on genome-wide data was carried out for the first time, showing the strain HXQ-H-1 is closely related to Talaromyces islandicus. This genomic resource may provide a new resource for development of novel bioactive antibiotics, drug candidates and precursors in Penicillium variabile.
Highlights
P. variabile was estimated to be 35.56 Mb according to 17 bp k-mer frequency distribution
High-Through Chromosome Conformation Capture (Hi-C) sequencing produced about 112.76 Gb high quality data (Table S1, Figure S2a,b)
Penicillium genomes (Table S4), we found that HXQ-H-1 had the highest gene number in AA4, CBM35, CBM56, GH54, GH76, GT21, and PL7
Summary
It is known for its asexual forms and is found to inhabit soil, water, marine, mangrove swamps, decaying vegetation, air. Further Penicillium is a common contaminant of various substances. It plays an important role in human life for the function of decomposing various organic substances and produces antibiotics, toxic compounds (mycotoxins), extracellular enzyme, and antitumor active secondary metabolites [1,2,3]. Many species of Penicillium have been widely used in biotechnology, food, pharmaceutical, biological degradation, and many other applicable fields. J. Fungi 2020, 6, 7; doi:10.3390/jof6010007 www.mdpi.com/journal/jof
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
