Abstract
Chromosome doubling induction in orchids may benefit their production for resulting in flowers of higher commercial value, larger size and higher content of substances that intensify the color and fragrance when compared with diploid orchids. This work aimed to induce and confirm artificial polyploidization, using flow cytometry and stomatal analysis. Explants were treated with colchicine at concentrations of 0, 2.5, 7.5, and 12.5 mM, for 24 and 48 hours and with oryzalin, at concentrations of 0, 10, 30, and 50 μM, for three and six days. For the flow cytometric analysis, a sample of leaf tissue was removed from each plant, crushed to release the nuclei and stained with propidium iodide. In addition to flow cytometry, the ploidy of the antimitotic treated plants was evaluated by stomata analysis. Young leaves were used where the density, functionality and stomatal index were evaluated. Colchicine provided induction of satisfactory polyploidy in C. tigrina at all concentrations and times of exposure, obtaining a greater number of polyploid individuals in the concentration of 12.5 mM for 48 hours. Oryzalin did not induce chromosome duplication at the tested concentrations.
Highlights
Species of the family Orchidaceae are ornamental plants of botanical, economic, food, medicinal, and cosmetic interest [13]
The study of chromosome duplication becomes relevant, in order to reduce the focus of native species threatened with extinction, since it can provide an increase in vegetative structures of the species, allowing the development of a new cultivar
Due to the relevance of C. tigrina, this study aimed to analyze the production of polyploid plants, to confirm polyploid or mixoploid plants, and to evaluate investigate the effects of artificial polyploidization through flow cytometry and stomatal analysis
Summary
Species of the family Orchidaceae are ornamental plants of botanical, economic, food, medicinal, and cosmetic interest [13]. For being highly appreciated by the market, some species of this genus are endangered, such as C. tigrina [4]. The devastation of the Atlantic Forest, which occurs from the State of Pernambuco to Rio Grande do Sul, and the predatory collection results in the loss of genetic material and interferes with genetic variability of species of that habitat. In this way, the study of chromosome duplication becomes relevant, in order to reduce the focus of native species threatened with extinction, since it can provide an increase in vegetative structures of the species, allowing the development of a new cultivar.
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