Chromosomal study for Assessment of Recurrent Spontaneous Miscarriage by Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) technique in Erbil City Iraqi- Kurdistan Region

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Spontaneous miscarriage is the most frequent complication of pregnancy and, classically, defined as the occurrence ofat least two miscarriages before 20 weeks of gestation. Over 50 % of first trimester pregnancy losses are attributed tochromosomal abnormalities. This study aimed to investigate aneuploidy in spontaneous miscarriage by fluorescence in situhybridization (FISH) using probes for 13, 18, 21, X and Y chromosomes. A total of 100 tissue samples from concepts materialswere collected and examined by FISH. The incidence and type of chromosomal abnormality and sex ratio were analyzedfor each samples. Moreover, the relationship between the rate of aneuploidy and maternal age also the relationship betweenmaternal age and type of aneuploidy and the difference in incidence of aneuploidy between samples from previous miscarriageand those with no previous miscarriage were investigated. Results obtained from this study revealed that, 52 of 100 cases werewith aneuploidy. Trisomy 21, 18, and 13 was the major aneuploidy followed by monosomy X. Cases of miscarriages whichcontain chromosomal abnormalities were higher in females than males. Cases with advanced maternal age and history ofprevious miscarriage were significantly have higher aneuploidy rate compared with young age cases and those with no previousmiscarriage. However, rates of trisomies 18, 13, and 21 of the advanced maternal age group were remarkably higher thanthose of the young maternal age group.Keywords: Recurrent miscarriage, Aneuploidy, Florescence In Situ Hybridization, Maternal age, Sex Ratio.