Abstract
Aim:The objective of this study was to investigate the chromosomal profile of indigenous pigs by computing morphometric measurements.Materials and Methods:A cytogenetic study was carried out in 60 indigenous pigs to analyze the chromosomal profile by employing the short term peripheral blood lymphocyte culture technique.Results:The modal chromosome number (2n) in indigenous pigs was found to be 38 and a fundamental number of 64 as in the exotic. First chromosome was the longest pair, and thirteenth pair was the second largest while Y-chromosome was the smallest in the karyotype of the pig. The mean relative length, arm ratio, centromeric indices and morphological indices of chromosomes varied from 1.99±0.01 to 11.23±0.09, 1.04±0.05 to 2.95±0.02, 0.51±0.14 to 0.75±0.09 and 2.08±0.07 to 8.08±0.15%, respectively in indigenous pigs. Sex had no significant effect (p>0.05) on all the morphometric measurements studied.Conclusion:The present study revealed that among autosomes first five pairs were sub metacentric, next two pairs were sub telocentric (6-7), subsequent five pairs were metacentric (8-12) and remaining six pairs were telocentric (13-18), while both allosomes were metacentric. The chromosomal number, morphology and various morphometric measurements of the chromosomes of the indigenous pigs were almost similar to those established breeds reported in the literature.
Highlights
India, with an estimated population of 10.29 million pigs [1] accounts for 2.01% of the total livestock population and Andhra Pradesh ranks 9th in the country with a pig population of 0.39 millions [1,2]
The Per capita availability of meat in India is estimated to be 5 kg/year which is much lower than ICMR recommendation (10.8 kg)
Pig farming could play a vital role in augmenting the animal protein supply to the growing needs of emerging population
Summary
With an estimated population of 10.29 million pigs [1] accounts for 2.01% of the total livestock population and Andhra Pradesh ranks 9th in the country with a pig population of 0.39 millions [1,2]. Pig farming could play a vital role in augmenting the animal protein supply to the growing needs of emerging population. Livestock biodiversity is critically important for achieving food security and alleviating poverty for the rapidly growing human population [3]. Pig farming plays an important role in the livelihood of many families in the developing world. Pigs mostly found in the rural areas are variously referred to as native, scavenging, indigenous, and local or village pigs. When kept under well-managed confined conditions, the pig is the exact opposite of the above
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