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Abstract
A new chromosomal race of the wingless grasshopper Podisma pedestris has been found in the Pyrenees in addition to two previously described in the Alps (XO and XY races). The differences which characterize the populations in the Pyrenees concern the amount, distribution and richness, in terms of base pair repeats, of the heterochromatic regions and the position of the nucleolus organizer regions in the X chromosome. While populations in the Alps have GC-rich procentric and distal heterochromatin, populations in the Pyrenees have more procentric heterochromatin formed by AT- plus GC-rich DNA in some chromosomes and absence of distal heterochromatin. Active NORs in the X chromosome from alpine populations are located in the distal region, irrespective of the chromosomal race, while the active NOR in the X in the Pyrenean populations is proximally placed. Hybrids produced from laboratory crosses between all the races are viable and show the expected heterozygous karyotypes but no sign of meiotic dysfunction, at least in the male.
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