Abstract
Wine processing waste sludge (WPWS) has been shown to be an effective sorbent for the sorption of heavy metals (i.e., chromium and nickel), but the mechanism of removal of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] by WPWS remains obscure. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of temperature, initial concentration of Cr(VI), and particle size on the removal Cr(VI) using WPWS. The characteristics of WPWS were determined, and sorption mechanism studies were also performed. The WPWS used was a deposit mixture containing considerable quantities of chemical coagulation as well as activated sludge precipitation from the settling basins of a wastewater treatment plant. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed that the WPWS comprised abundant labile carbohydrates and few aromatic structures. According to the IR spectrum, carboxylic groups were the most important functional group in WPWS, interacting with chromium species by protonation and redox reaction. All kinetic experiments were conducted a...
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