Abstract
Mammalian spermatogenesis is a highly ordered process that is determined by chromatin-associated moderators which still remain poorly understood. Through a multi-control group proteomics strategy, we confirmed that Sugp2 was a chromatin-associated candidate protein, and its signal arose along spermatogenesis. The expression results showed that Sugp2, which is mainly expressed in the testis, had two transcripts, encoding one protein. During spermatogenesis, Sugp2 was enriched in the nucleus of male germ cells. With the depletion of Sugp2 by CRISPER-Cas9 technology, we found that Sugp2 controlled a network of genes on metal ion and ATP binding, suggesting that alternative splicing regulation by Sugp2 is involved in cellular ion and energy metabolism during spermatogenesis, while it had a little effect on meiotic progression and male fertility. Collectively, these data demonstrated that, as a chromatin-associated protein, Sugp2 mediated the alternative splicing regulatory network during spermatogenesis.
Highlights
Spermiogenesis is recognized as one of the most complex biological processes
With the depletion of Sugp2 by CRISPER-Cas9 technology, we found that Sugp2 controlled a network of genes on metal ion and ATP binding, suggesting that alternative splicing regulation by Sugp2 is involved in cellular ion and energy metabolism during spermatogenesis, while it had a little effect on meiotic progression and male fertility
Sycp1/3, as synaptonemal complex (SC) proteins associated with meiotic chromatin, was present in the chromatin fraction, whereas Hspa5 and Vdac1 were in cytoplasmic components as marker proteins for the endoplasmic reticulum and the mitochondria, respectively
Summary
Spermiogenesis is recognized as one of the most complex biological processes This process involves two main elements: [1] the cellular extrinsic stimuli, including organic or inorganic nutrients and growth factors produced in a supportive niche, and [2] intrinsic factors, mainly related to cellular metabolism regulated by gene expression. Alternative pre-mRNA splicing (AS) is critical for gene expression, and extensive AS variants are enriched in different developmental stages of mouse spermatogenesis. This post-transcriptional regulation promotes the establishment of a regulatory mechanism for changes in both internal and external environments of the cell during spermatogenesis and promotes male gamete production [1,2,3,4]. Meiotic DNA DSBs will cause the phosphorylation of histone variant H2ax (γH2ax) at the Ser-139 residue, which is an early cellular response to the induction [8], recruit a series of recombination proteins
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