Abstract
Aim To study the chondroplasty efficacy of the bone matrix obtained using an original technology in restoring cartilage defect of the knee joint. Material and Methods Marginal defects were modeled on the surface of the distal end of the femur in 40 adult male Wistar rats. The bone matrix obtained using an original technology was implanted in the damaged area in animals of the experimental group. Material was investigated by means of light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and electron probe X-ray microanalysis. Results It was found that the bone matrix implanted did not cause an immune rejection reaction, activated reparative chondrogenesis for a prolonged period. In the area of articular cartilage lesion, the regenerate acquiring cellular and histochemical characteristics of the hyaline cartilage tissue was formed. The chondroinductive properties for the bone matrix were ensured by localized growth factors and morphogenetic proteins released during osteoclastic resorption. Conclusion The application of the bone matrix as a stimulator of chondrogenesis is theoretically reasonable and has a good perspective in treatment of damages and diseases of the articular cartilage.
Highlights
Articular cartilage damages or loss due to congenital abnormalities, degenerative joint diseases or traumas affect quality of life of injured people of all age groups
It was found that the bone matrix implanted did not cause an immune rejection reaction, activated reparative chondrogenesis for a prolonged period
The chondroinductive properties for the bone matrix were ensured by localized growth factors and morphogenetic proteins released during osteoclastic resorption
Summary
Articular cartilage damages or loss due to congenital abnormalities, degenerative joint diseases or traumas affect quality of life of injured people of all age groups. This health problem is expensive [1, 2]. None of them lead to the full organo-specific restoration of the articular hyaline cartilage [1]. This indicates the relevance of the issue and immediacy of the present research
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