Abstract
Some Pseudomonas syringae pathovars secrete tabtoxin, a monocyclic β-lactam antibiotic, responsible for chlorosis, the principal halo blight symptom in susceptible plants as oats, rye, barley, wheat and sorghum, among other. Here, we demonstrated that the production of tabtoxin in a P. syringae strain increased at least 150%, when choline, betaine or dimethylglycine were used as nitrogen source, or when choline was added as osmoprotectant in hyperosmolar culture media. Besides, we investigated the induction of phosphorylcholine phosphatase (PchP) activity when choline or its metabolites were used as nitrogen sources. PchP is an enzyme involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenesis through its contribution to the breakdown of choline-containing compounds of the host cells. Considering these results and that the success of a pathogenic microorganism depends on its ability to survive and proliferate in its target tissue, we propose that choline is one of the plant signals that contribute to establishment of the infection by tabtoxin-producing strains of P. syringae.
Highlights
In previous work, we demonstrated that the presence of choline as carbon and nitrogen sources in a culture medium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa induce at least three proteins, phosphorylcholine phosphatase (PchP), hemolytic phospholipase C (PlcH) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) [1,2]
Considering these results and that the success of a pathogenic microorganism depends on its ability to survive and proliferate in its target tissue, we propose that choline is one of the plant signals that contribute to establishment of the infection by tabtoxin-producing strains of P. syringae
In this work we demonstrated that choline, betaine and dimethylglycine were more efficient for promoting tabtoxin production as compared to NH4 and a series of amino acids previously used as the best nitrogen sources for tabtoxin production [12]
Summary
We demonstrated that the presence of choline as carbon and nitrogen sources in a culture medium of Pseudomonas aeruginosa induce at least three proteins, phosphorylcholine phosphatase (PchP), hemolytic phospholipase C (PlcH) and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) [1,2]. PchP is involved in the pathogenesis of P. aeruginosa through the coordinated and sequential action of PlcH and PchP on phosphatidylcholine or sphyngomyelin and phosphorylcholine, respectively [2,3,4,5]. Tomato DC3000 was able to grow in a basal salt medium with choline, betaine or dimethylglycine as carbon and nitrogen sources [7] Under any of these conditions the bacteria produced an acid phosphatase activity with catalytic properties similar to those described for the P. aeruginosa PchP
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