Choline chloride–based deep eutectic solvents (Ch-DESs) as promising green solvents for phenolic compounds extraction from bioresources: state-of-the-art, prospects, and challenges

Abstract

As the demand for phenolic compounds in pharmaceutical, food, nutraceutical, and cosmetic production is escalating, recovery of phenolic compounds from bioresources has been receiving great concerns from the scientific community. Renewable, environmentally benign, and biocompatible choline chloride–based deep eutectic solvents (Ch-DESs) are considered potential alternatives to conventional solvents in phenolic compound extraction. In the past 2 years, numerous innovative studies centered on phenolic compound extraction using Ch-DESs and process variable optimization have been explored. Thus, this review aims to summarize the updated state-of-the-art effort dedicated to phenolic compounds extraction from various bioresources using Ch-DESs. Furthermore, impact factors, kinetic modeling, and chemical mechanisms of the process are thoroughly analyzed and discussed. Finally, prospects and challenges in commercialization of phenolic compound extraction from bioresources using Ch-DESs are indicated and extensively discussed.