Cholesterol lowering is more important than pleiotropic effects of statins for endothelial function in patients with dysglycaemia and coronary artery disease

Abstract

The importance of pleiotropic effects of statins on endothelial function and inflammatory markers was investigated in patients with dysglycaemia and coronary artery disease (CAD). Thirty-nine patients were randomized to simvastatin 80 mg daily (S80; n = 20) or ezetimibe 10 mg and simvastatin 10 mg daily (E10/S10; n = 19) for 6 weeks, aiming at similar cholesterol reduction. Endothelial function, evaluated by brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) and the effect of endothelin receptor blockade, serum lipids, and inflammatory markers were evaluated at baseline and follow-up. At follow-up, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased from 3.1 (2.8-3.4) (median and quartiles) to 1.5 mmol/L (1.4-1.7) and from 3.0 (2.5-3.4) to 1.3 mmol/L (1.1-1.8), in the S80 and E10/S10 groups, respectively. In the entire study group, FMD increased from 4.3% (3.4-6.1) at baseline to 5.5% (3.4-6.6) at follow-up, while C-reactive protein decreased from 3.1 (1.7-7.6) to 2.3 mg/L (0.9-6.5). The changes in FMD and C-reactive protein from baseline to follow-up were not significantly different between patients on S80 and E10/S10 groups. Endothelin blockade enhanced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation both at baseline and follow-up. Lipid lowering is more important than pleiotropic effects of statins for improvement in endothelial function and inflammatory markers in patients with dysglycaemia and CAD.