Abstract

journal of clinical gastroenterology is part of the Juniper publishers which is devoted to publish subject-specific articles focused on the needs of individual research communities across all areas of biology and medicine.

Highlights

  • Cholelithiasis or gallstone is the presence of hardened deposits of digestive fluid that is formed in the gallbladder

  • There are some other risk factors of cholelithiasis, such as genetics, the lack of physical activity which is associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity which is related to the increase of cholesterol gallstones formation, dietary factors, and other comorbidities

  • Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), endoscopic ultrasonography, percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography are recommended

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Summary

Introduction

Cholelithiasis or gallstone is the presence of hardened deposits of digestive fluid that is formed in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small organ located just beneath the liver It holds the digestive fluid known as bile, which will be released into the small intestine [1]. Cholelithiasis affects approximately 5.325% of the population, according to clinical survey reports from Europe, North and South America, and Asia [2,3]. This disorder occurs asymptomatically, and only 20% of people with cholelithiasis experience pain and complications. The most common risk factor of cholelithiasis is gender, with females being one of the unmodifiable risk factors and is related to metabolic syndrome events [4]. This review is purposed to describe the diagnostic and management of cholelithiasis in clinical practice

Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestation
Laboratory tests
Imaging tests
Medical treatment
Surgical treatment
Conclusion
Findings
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