Abstract

Dissipative heating can be sufficient to reduce the Mach number of supersonic spherical accretion to unity in the optically thin part of the flow: at a radius of order 10/sup 2/--10/sup 3/ Schwarzchild radii. If the flow at a larger radius is forced to be supersonic and cold, by some cooling process like collisional excitation of line radiation, the flow cannot be time-independent. The critical accretion rates below which accretion flows either are forced to be time dependent, or become optically thick before the minimum in the Mach number is reached, are determined. The implication for the time variability of quasars and active galactic nuclei is briefly discussed.

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