Choices and compromises in the use of small head sizes in total hip arthroplasty.

Abstract

Observation cohort studies, a sliding-distance-coupled finite element model, and an expanded finite element model that simulates dislocation were used to evaluate the benefits and compromises associated with the use of smaller femoral heads in the total hip arthroplasty construct. Wear studies of total hip arthroplasty cohorts showed less polyethylene wear and less deleterious effects of third body debris when smaller femoral head sizes were used. The sliding-distance-coupled finite element model findings were corroborated by these clinical wear studies. The dislocation model predicted the increased propensity for dislocation when smaller modular head femoral components were used in the cohort studies. Impingement is not the only contributor to frank dislocation. The dislocation model explicitly defined the range of motion changes from impingement to dislocation, and the resisting moment changes between construct designs.