Choice of loading clusters in container terminals

Abstract

The storage allocation in the export yard of a container terminal determines the efficiency of container loading. Even if the yard manager has optimised the allocation of export containers to avoid rehandling, conflicts among loading quay cranes can still occur. Thus, all the possible handlings during loading must be considered when organising the yard space. In previous studies, the yard storage allocation has been assessed based on the subblock, which consists of several adjacent bays. However, to minimise all possible handlings in the loading process at the terminal, optimising more flexible storage clusters is also important. Thus, our aim in this research is to model the choice of loading clusters and derive a more flexible allocation strategy for organising the space in the export yard. A bi-objective model is built, which considers both the transportation distance and handling balance between blocks. A model aimed at minimising all possible handlings in the export yard for the loading process is also developed, and several of the insights derived can inform yard management in real-life operations. It is proven that the handling requirements have a significant effect on the choice of loading clusters, and yard managers should consider the various features of liner and loading processes when organising their storage space.