Choice of Anesthesia Mode, Neuroprotective Therapy in the Surgical Repair of Extracranial Vessels

Abstract

Objective: to improve the direct results of carotid endarterectomy, by reducing the number of perioperative complications via the choice of an anesthesia mode and a neuroprotective regimen for possible neurological complications. Subjects and methods. Total intravenous diprivan anesthesia versus regional cervical plexus anesthesia after Pashchuk and inhaled sevorane anesthesia was evaluated in 190 patients with carotid endarterectomy. The parameters of cerebral blood flow and the markers for brain damage were studied. Results. Sevorane anesthesia has been shown to maintain optimal cerebral blood flow, which limits ischemia and reperfusion brain damages and results in fewer postoperative complications. Neurological disorders were an indication for neuroprotective therapy and, according to which, the patients were divided into 2 matched groups. Therapy with mexidol and cytoflavin, which had already become traditional, was used in Group 1. Group 2 patients were given the current neuroprotective agent citicoline (ceraxone) with actovegin. The performed trials showed that the neuroprotective therapy used in Group 2 was more effective (5% significance level) than that in Group 1. Conclusion. Inhalational sevorane anesthesia versus total intravenous diprivan anesthesia and regional cervical plexus anesthesia is characterized by optimal cerebral blood flow values, less neuronal damage, and fewer postoperative neurological complications. Irrespective of the mode of anesthesia, neuroprotective therapy involving ceraxone in combination with actovegin is preferred for the intensive therapy of postoperative neurological disorders. Key words: diprivan, sevorane, neuron-specific enolase, linear cerebral blood flow velocity, carotid endarterectomy, cerebral perfusion pressure, brain-specific protein antibodies, ceraxone.