Chlorophyl Fluorescence and Its Induction Changes in the Leaves of Woody Plants in the Conditions of Urban Environment of Lutsk

Abstract

The functional status of woody plants leaves in an urban environment is affected by a large variety of urban factors. One of the most popular diagnosis methods of environmental factors influence, for the purpose of rapid assessment of the functional state of plants, is the method of chlorophyll fluorescence induction. As objects of research we have selected the nine most common species of woody plants in urban landscaping of Lutsk. The samples of leaves were collected from three parts of the city depending on the level of transformation ecotypes. The assessment of leaves' functional status was carried by a portable device Flora-test developed by V.N. Glushkov State Scientific and Engineering Center of Microelectronics Institute of Cybernetics. The samples of leaves were collected from three parts of Lutsk city depending on the level of transformation ecotypes. Many woody plants of urban city environment are characterized using the method of IFH by photosynthetic apparatus of plants, due to its close feedback with the intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence. According to the survey results it is clear that the performance of the functional state of investigated leaves of plants in the park environment is higher than in researched plants situated at the areas of transport routes and residential developments. In addition, data analysis shows the dependence of performance on chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves from injuries and lesions in experimental samples. When analyzing the curves Kautsky had identified a number of IFH key indicators and ratios that allow evaluating the impact of environmental factors and specific features on the condition of the plant. The effect of different intensity of adverse anthropogenic factors caused the different for intensity and direction changes IFH depending on the type of research. The study revealed a slight worsening of leaves functional status of woody plants at transport routes compared with the plants of residential development zones and parks. To summarize, all test plants are revealed to be free from virus infection. The analysis shows that the obtained chlorophyll fluorescence induction ratios (Fp-Ft) / Fp indicates normal physiological state of research types regardless of transformation ecotypes.