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Abstract
Sundarbans Mangrove Ecosystem (SME) is a rich repository of bioactive natural compounds, with immense nutraceutical and therapeutic potential. Till date, the algal population of SME was not explored fully for their anticancer activities. Our aim is to explore the potential of these algal phytochemicals against the proliferation of cervical cancer cells (in vitro) and identify the mode of cell death induced in them. In the present work, the chloroform fraction of marine green alga, Chaetomorpha brachygona was used on SiHa cell line. The algal phytochemicals were identified by GCMS, LCMS and column chromatography and some of the identified compounds, known for significant anticancer activities, have shown strong Bcl-2 binding capacity, as analyzed through molecular docking study. The extract showed cytostatic and cytotoxic activity on SiHa cells. Absence of fragmented DNA, and presence of increased number of acidic vacuoles in the treated cells indicate nonapoptotic cell death. The mode of cell death was likely to be autophagic, as indicated by the enhanced expression of Beclin 1 and LC3BII (considered as autophagic markers) observed by Western blotting. The study indicates that, C. brachygona can successfully inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer cells in vitro.
Highlights
Cervical cancer is one of the deadliest cancer of women belonging to the age group of 25 to 45 years
Earlier it was reported from our lab that, autophagic cell death was induced in HeLa cell line by methanolic extracts of Enteromorpha and Rhizoclonium from S undarban[6], and cytotoxicity of six algal genera including Chaetomorpha brachygona in Siha cell line[7]
Present study, intends to explore the bioactive phytochemicals detected in the green algal genus Chaetomorpha brachygona, collected from Sundarbans Mangrove Ecosystem (SME), and the mode of cell death induced by the extract in SiHa cells through some experimental results
Summary
Cervical cancer is one of the deadliest cancer of women belonging to the age group of 25 to 45 years. A very recent report from Haq et al.[8] showed phytochemical analysis along with antioxidant and anticancer activities of another species of Chaetomorpha collected from Arabian Gulf[8] They showed presence of unique anticancer compounds like Dichloacetic acid, oximes and L-α-Terpinol in the algal extract, which showed cytotoxicity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with low IC50 dose but elucidation of cell death mechanism was not studied. In this context, present study, intends to explore the bioactive phytochemicals detected in the green algal genus Chaetomorpha brachygona, collected from Sundarbans Mangrove Ecosystem (SME), and the mode of cell death induced by the extract in SiHa cells through some experimental results. This is the first report of autophagic potential of C. brachygona collected from SME on SiHa cells
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