Abstract
The fatty acid profile of the green alga Scenedesmus acutus was strongly influenced after a 40-hr incubation with 5 μ M alachlor or metazachlor. The relative amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (C18:4 to C18:2 and C16:4 to C16:2) were reduced while C18:1 and C16:0 accumulated. The two successive desaturation steps between C18:1 and C18:3 were investigated. Desaturation of [ 14C]oleoyl-CoA (activated C18:1) by pea microsomes was reduced in the presence of 25 μ M alachlor and 50% inhibition was achieved with 100 μ M. However, C18:2 desaturation by broken soybean chloroplasts was not affected by chloroacetamides. Since inhibition of C18:1 desaturation may be responsible for the changes observed in the fatty acid profile in vivo, the incorporation of [ 14C]oleic acid (C18:1) was investigated with S. acutus. After a 5.5-hr incubation, over 10% of the total radioactivity was incorporated into a precipitate obtained after saponification of the cells. Radioactivity in that fraction was dramatically reduced in the presence of metazachlor. A herbicide concentration between 10 −7 and 10 −8 M was sufficient for a 50% inhibition.
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