Abstract
ABSTRACT Chlorine is a widely used disinfectant in developing countries due to its efficiency and affordability. Millions of people in these countries receive water intermittently through piped networks. However, very little is known about chlorine decay in intermittent networks. In this work, field chlorine decay measurements were carried out in adjoining continuous and intermittent networks. Hydraulic modelling was done to determine the water velocity in networks using EPANET. Overall chlorine decay rates were estimated using field measurements and showed a good first-order fit. Decay rates in continuous and intermittent networks were compared, considering the influence of pipe velocity, material and diameter. The average overall decay rate for ductile and cast-iron pipes in intermittent network (1.7 ) was 1.5 times higher than that in continuous network (1.1 ). These results indicate that intermittency has a long-term effect on the overall chlorine decay in supply networks and its implications are discussed in this study.
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