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Abstract
In the present study, we investigated if Cl − regulates the proliferation of the MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells. The proliferation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells was diminished by lowering the extracellular Cl − concentration ([Cl −] o) in the culture medium. The lowered in [Cl −] o increased the periods of the G 0/G 1 and the G 2/M phases in cell cycle. We further studied the effects of [Cl −] o on the key enzymes, Rb and cdc2, playing key roles in checking points of the G 0/G 1 and the G 2/M phases in cell cycle. The lowered in [Cl −] o diminished the active forms of enzymes, Rb and cdc2. We further found that the action of lowered [Cl −] o on the cell proliferation, the cell cycle, Rb and cdc2 was abolished by the presence of 2 mM glutamine, but not by that of pyruvate as another Krebs cycle substrate. Taken together, these observations indicate here for the first time that Cl − modulates Rb and cdc2, enhancing the proliferation of the MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells.
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