Abstract
Plasma membrane Cl − channels perform a variety of functions, including control of excitability in neurons and muscle, cell volume regulation and transepithelial transport. Structurally, three classes of Cl − channels have been identified: ligand-gated, postsynaptic Cl − channels (e.g. GABA and glycine receptors); the cycstic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) Cl − channels (which belong to the traffic ATPase superfamily); and the CLC family of Cl − channels. Recent developments of note include further characterization of the expanding CLC Cl − channel family, advances in understanding the regulation of the CFTR Cl − channel and its emergent role as a regulator of other channels, clarification of issues related to swelling-activated Cl − channels, and the discovery that several co-transporter molecules are now known to induce Cl − currents in Xenopus oocytes.
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