Abstract
The adsorption of Cl − ions on a Cu(111) electrode was studied by UHV-based spectroscopies and by cyclic voltammetry. After standard UHV preparation the sample was transferred to an electrochemical cell. The shape of the voltammograms can be explained by a superposition of Cl − adsorption/desorption and a hydrogen reduction current, if an enhancement of the hydrogen reduction by adsorbed Cl − is assumed. After backtransfer to the UHV an additional peak was observed in the ultraviolet photoemission spectrum. In combination with X-ray photoemission and low-energy ion scattering measurements this additional feature is unambiguously assigned to adsorbed Cl. It is also evident from the spectra that the electrochemical double-layer does not remain intact in some cases during the transfer. A more detailed study of the surface structure as a function of the electrode potential was performed by in situ scanning tunneling microscopy. In situ STM images show a clear-cut transition from the (1 × 1) structure of the substrate to a (√3 × √3)R30° adsorbate structure if the potential is scanned through the Cl − adsorption and vice versa if scanned through the desorption region.
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