Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic and inflammatory skin disease that can place a significant burden on quality of life for patients. AD most frequently appears under the age of six and although its prevalence is increasing worldwide, therapeutic treatment options are limited. Chlorella vulgaris (CV) is a species of the freshwater green algae genus chlorella, and has been reported to modulate allergy-inducible factors when ingested. Here, we examined the effect of CV supplementation on AD-like symptoms in NC/Nga mice. CV was orally administrated for six weeks while AD-like symptoms were induced via topical application of Dermatophagoides farinae extract (DFE). CV treatment reduced dermatitis scores, epidermal thickness, and skin hydration. Histological analysis also revealed that CV treatment reduced DFE-induced eosinophil and mast cell infiltration into the skin, while analysis of serum chemokine levels indicated that CV treatment downregulated thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC) levels. In addition, CV treatment downregulated mRNA expression levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ. Taken together, these results suggest that CV extract may have potential as a nutraceutical ingredient for the prevention of AD.
Highlights
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin immune disorder that triggers continuous itching [1].Over the last decade, the prevalence of AD has increased by over 20% in children, attributable to changes in lifestyles and the surrounding environment
(macrophage-derived chemokine, CCL22) are two Th2 cell-producing chemokines that are involved in the pathogenesis of AD and their expression levels are known to be significantly higher in AD patients when compared to normal subjects [7]
Chlorella vulgaris (CV) Supplementation Alleviates Dermatophagoide farinae powder (DFE)-Induced AD-Like Skin Lesions in NC/Nga Mice
Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic skin immune disorder that triggers continuous itching [1]. House dust mites promote the activation and maturation of dendritic cells that go on to induce Th2-cell differentiation and upregulate TARC and MDC levels [8,9] These chemokines recruit Th2 lymphocytes to inflammatory sites and aggravate allergic reactions. Chlorella is a genus of single-celled green algae which contains amino acids, protein, vitamins, dietary fiber, and a variety of antioxidants, bioactive materials, and chlorophylls [16]. It is considered a potential food source due to its high protein content and other nutritional components. We sought to investigate whether a chlorella-enriched diet may have suppressive effects on the development of AD-like skin symptoms
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