Abstract
Chlano'dia trachomatis is a human pathogen and one of four recognized species of the genus Chlano'dia. Chlano'diae are obligate intracellular gram-negative bacteria with a unique bi-phasic life cycle. The infectious particle is the elementary body (EB), which is small, dense, metabolically inactive and has a rigid cell wall. Elementary bodies attach to susceptible cells (notably columnar epithelial cells of the conjuctiva and urogenital tract), induce their own uptake and enter the cytoplasm within a host cell derived phagosomal membrane. These phagosomes containing EBs elude fusion with host lysosomal vesicles and migrate to the perinuclear region. Shortly after uptake, EBs transform within phagosomes into a metabolically active form, the reticulate body (RB), which multiplies by binary fission. Division continues for 40-70 h within the expanding phagosome, which is visible on staining as the chlamydial inclusion. Towards the end of the replicative cycle, RBs reorganize to form EBs, which are then released by exocytosis or host cell lysis allowing EBs to initiate a new infectious cycle. Understanding of the mechanisms that regulate intracellular development and the factors responsible
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