Abstract
In this work, an efficient nanocatalyst was developed based on nanoadsorbent beads. Herein, carboxymethyl cellulose–copper oxide-cobalt oxide nanocomposite beads (CMC/CuO-Co2O3) crosslinked by using AlCl3 were successfully prepared. The beads were then coated with chitosan (Cs), Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2O3. The prepared beads, CMC/CuO-Co2O3 and Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2O3, were utilized as adsorbents for heavy metal ions (Ni, Fe, Ag and Zn). By using CMC/CuO-Co2O3 and Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2O3, the distribution coefficients (Kd) for Ni, Fe, Ag and Zn were (41.166 and 6173.6 mLg−1), (136.3 and 1500 mLg−1), (20,739.1 and 1941.1 mLg−1) and (86.9 and 2333.3 mLg−1), respectively. Thus, Ni was highly adsorbed by Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2O3 beads. The metal ion adsorbed on the beads were converted into nanoparticles by treating with reducing agent (NaBH4) and named Ni/Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2O3. Further, the prepared nanoparticles-decorated beads (Ni/Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2O3) were utilized as nanocatalysts for the reduction of organic and inorganic pollutants (4-nitophenol, MO, EY dyes and potassium ferricyanide K3[Fe(CN)6]) in the presence of NaBH4. Among all catalysts, Ni/Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2O3 had the highest catalytic activity toward MO, EY and K3[Fe(CN)6], removing up to 98% in 2.0 min, 90 % in 6.0 min and 91% in 6.0 min, respectively. The reduction rate constants of MO, EY, 4-NP and K3[Fe(CN)6] were 1.06 × 10−1, 4.58 × 10−3, 4.26 × 10−3 and 5.1 × 10−3 s−1, respectively. Additionally, the catalytic activity of the Ni/Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2O3 beads was effectively optimized. The stability and recyclability of the beads were tested up to five times for the catalytic reduction of MO, EY and K3[Fe(CN)6]. It was confirmed that the designed nanocomposite beads are ecofriendly and efficient with high strength and stability as catalysts for the reduction of organic and inorganic pollutants.
Highlights
The prepared nanocomposite beads and the beads were characterized by various analytical techniques, including FT-IR, scanning electron microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD)
The findings confirm that Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2 O3 is an efficient adsorbent toward Ni ions compared to other selected metal ions
Ni/Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2 O3 was used as a catalyst for degradation of MO and EY as well as catalytic reduction of K3 [Fe(CN)6 ] and
Summary
Adsorbent-based nanoscale materials are a highly effective way to remove contaminates from wastewater [8,9,10] Due to their ease of operation, convenience, low-cost and high efficiency with respect to the removal of metal ions, minerals [11], activated carbon [12], agricultural waste [13], metal oxide nanoparticles, etc., are widely utilized as adsorbents. The combination of novel, facile and green adsorbent nanocomposite beads (CMC/CuO-Co2 O3 ) with a chitosan coating to form Cs@CMC/CuO-Co2 O3 beads was successfully prepared Both adsorbents were utilized for the removal of metal ions (Ni, Zn, Ag and Fe). The prepared nanocomposite beads and the beads were characterized by various analytical techniques, including FT-IR, SEM, EDX and XRD
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